{"id":6276,"date":"2014-11-17T17:07:00","date_gmt":"2014-11-17T17:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/?p=6276"},"modified":"2025-11-04T09:00:57","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T09:00:57","slug":"ribal-al-assad-writes-for-huffington-post-on-the-islamic-state","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/ribal-al-assad-writes-for-huffington-post-on-the-islamic-state\/","title":{"rendered":"Ribal El-Assad, Huffington Post'ta \u2018\u0130slam Devleti\u2019 hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131yor\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130slam Devleti ve Saddam'\u0131n Hayalet Ordusu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ribal Al-Assad, Huffington Post i\u00e7in yaz\u0131yor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Irak'taki i\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7 o \u00fclkenin ordusunu da\u011f\u0131tarak y\u00fcz binlerce sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 evlerine g\u00f6nderdi. Bu y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, bunlardan binlercesi Irak'\u0131n kuzeyinde \u0130slam Devleti (\u0130D) bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 birbirine katt\u0131. Noktalar\u0131 birle\u015ftirmenin zaman\u0131 geldi. Ba\u015fkan Obama'n\u0131n \u0130D hedeflerine y\u00f6nelik hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lansa da, Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6vg\u00fc alan konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, grubun y\u00fckseli\u015fini k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131klayan ge\u00e7mi\u015f hatalar\u0131 kabul etmedi; sadece son y\u0131llarda Suriye ile ilgili yap\u0131lan hatalar\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Irak sava\u015f\u0131 ve sonras\u0131 geli\u015fmelerle ilgili yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 da i\u00e7ermiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Irak Sava\u015f\u0131'n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan i\u015fgalci g\u00fc\u00e7ler, zalim diktat\u00f6r Saddam H\u00fcseyin'in Baas partisinin \u00fcyelerini iktidar mevkiilerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran \u2018Baasla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 kald\u0131rma\u2019 politikas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Ancak istenmeyen sonu\u00e7, \u00e7o\u011funlukla S\u00fcnni az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcyeleri olan milyonlarca asker, y\u00f6netici ve kamu g\u00f6revlisini fiilen se\u00e7me haklar\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rakarak onlar\u0131 yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetten yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131, i\u015fsiz b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve yeni Irak'ta s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 olmayan konuma getirdi. Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fundaki insanlar demokrasiyi, din, etnik k\u00f6ken, mezhep ve cinsiyet ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda herkes i\u00e7in e\u015fitlik olarak de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun di\u011fer herkesi y\u00f6netmesi olarak - yani s\u0131f\u0131r toplaml\u0131 bir oyun - anlarlar, bu nedenle ger\u00e7ek bir demokrasi in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilen herhangi bir uyumlu \u00e7aba olmadan, diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sona ermesi yaln\u0131zca daha b\u00fcy\u00fck mezhep b\u00f6l\u00fcnmelerine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD askerleri \u00e7ekilir \u00e7ekilmez Baas'tan ar\u0131nd\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Irak'\u0131n kuzeyindeki eski askerlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 bir ayaklanmaya kat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu, s\u00f6zde \u201c\u0130slam Devleti\u201dnin yak\u0131n zamandaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 anlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in kavramam\u0131z gereken daha b\u00fcy\u00fck resimdir. Eski Irak i\u00e7i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Falah el-Naqib, I\u015e\u0130D'in Irak'taki h\u00fck\u00fcmet kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin y\u00fczde 15'inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etti. \u00c7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131n ucu olup, \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir g\u00fcndemi var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pek \u00e7ok g\u00f6zlemci, Saddam h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin eski \u00fcst d\u00fczey askeri komutan\u0131 ve ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan ve I\u015e\u0130D'in ger\u00e7ek kuklac\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u0130zzet \u0130brahim el-Duri liderli\u011finde zaten var olan bir ayaklanman\u0131n mevcudiyetini g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in, I\u015e\u0130D'in kuzeydeki Musul kentini ele ge\u00e7irmesine \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. \u015eimdi Musul \u00fczerinde siyah I\u015e\u0130D bayraklar\u0131 dalgalansa da, asl\u0131nda \u015fehri y\u00f6netenler, \u00e7o\u011fu sivilin ve hatta polisin deste\u011finden zaten yararlanan eski askeri subaylar olan Baas\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu arada, sempatizan Irakl\u0131 askerler teslim oldu ve isyanc\u0131lara kat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda, yak\u0131n zamanda bildirildi\u011fi gibi I\u015e\u0130D'in kimyasal silahlar\u0131 nas\u0131l ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor - bu silahlar eski Baas\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan stoklanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131 - ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Suriye'deki Tabka askeri hava \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irip y\u00fczlerce askeri vah\u015fice idam ettikten sonra ele ge\u00e7irdikleri sava\u015f jetlerini u\u00e7urmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlara e\u011fitim verecek deneyimli pilotlar\u0131 da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al-Douri \u015fimdi Naq\u015fibendi adl\u0131, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte bir Sufi tarikat\u0131 olan ancak asl\u0131nda daha halkla ili\u015fkileri dostu bir kisveye b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f bir Baas\u00e7\u0131 grup y\u00f6netiyor. Bu grupla uluslararas\u0131 toplumun daha kolay ili\u015fki kurmas\u0131n\u0131 umuyorlar, Baas\u00e7\u0131 rejimi lanetledikten sonra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baas\u00e7\u0131lar, sadece DEA\u015e gibi \u0130slamc\u0131 gruplara \u2018kat\u0131larak\u2019 ayaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmekle kalmad\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131 aktif olarak kurdular. Grubun orijinal ad\u0131 olan \u2018Irak ve \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti\u2019 (DEA\u015e\/I\u015e\u0130D), \u015fu anda kontrol ettikleri Irak ve Suriye'deki S\u00fcnni \u00e7o\u011funluklu b\u00f6lgeleri ifade ediyordu. Baas\u00e7\u0131lar, Suriye'deki i\u00e7 sava\u015ftan ve Suudi Arabistan, Katar ile onlar\u0131n militan din adamlar\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan finansman, propaganda ve siyasi destekten yararlanarak, tek amac\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 toplumu korkutmak olan bir ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kurdular. Grubun ad\u0131n\u0131n basit\u00e7e \u2018\u0130slam Devleti\u2019 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, Bat\u0131'y\u0131 eski Baas\u00e7\u0131lardan yard\u0131m istemeye zorlamak i\u00e7in pek de ustaca olmayan bir tehditti ve Pakistan Taliban\u0131'ndan gelen destek mesajlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 zamana denk gelerek, b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmadan ziyade k\u00fcresel cihat tehdidini art\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baas\u00e7\u0131lar, uluslararas\u0131 toplumun bu korkutucu \u015feytanlardan kurtulmak i\u00e7in yard\u0131m isteyece\u011fi bir zaman\u0131n gelece\u011fini biliyorlard\u0131 ve o zaman kendi \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131, yani kendi devletlerini veya gelecekteki herhangi bir h\u00fck\u00fcmette tam temsil edilmeyi sunacaklard\u0131. Eski General Muzhir el-Kaisi, yaz\u0131n BBC'ye Baas\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n I\u015e\u0130D'in \u2018barbarlar\u0131ndan\u2019 \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu, I\u015e\u0130D'in Musul'u tek ba\u015f\u0131na alamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve isterlerse onlar\u0131 kolayca yenebileceklerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki bir te\u015fvik bekliyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I\u015e\u0130D sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sivilleri rehin alma videolar\u0131 Baas\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n stratejisinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r, ancak ba\u015fka bir \u00fcst d\u00fczey subay taraf\u0131ndan tarif edildi\u011fi \u00fczere nihai hedefleri, I\u015e\u0130D'in a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hedef olan hilafet de\u011fil, \u2019bu mezhep\u00e7i h\u00fck\u00fcmetten kurtulmak, bu yozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f orduyu sona erdirmek ve S\u00fcnni B\u00f6lgeyi kurmak i\u00e7in m\u00fczakere etmek.\u2018 Asl\u0131nda, Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti mezhep\u00e7i de\u011fildir, ancak \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu S\u00fcnni olan eski Baas\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 onu temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcnden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temmuz ay\u0131nda El-Duri'nin grubu, mezhep\u00e7ili\u011fi ve H\u0131ristiyanlar ile Yezidilere y\u00f6nelik zulm\u00fc k\u0131nayan bir bildiri bile yay\u0131nlad\u0131. \u0130slam Devleti bi\u00e7iminde cihat\u00e7\u0131 \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n en korkun\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6steren Baas\u00e7\u0131lar, yeni bir k\u0131l\u0131kta \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 alternatif olarak kendilerini sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. E\u011fer \u015fimdi eski m\u00fcttefiklerine d\u00f6nmeye haz\u0131rsalar, ne \u00e2l\u00e2, ama onlar\u0131 ilk etapta kurma konusundaki rollerine dair hi\u00e7bir ill\u00fczyonumuz olmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu arada, maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 haklar\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmaya yan\u0131t, b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgenin haritas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden \u00e7izmek anlam\u0131na gelecek olan b\u00f6l\u00fcnme de\u011fildir. Umal\u0131m ki bu korkun\u00e7 senaryodan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz ge\u00e7 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ki maalesef b\u00f6lge bu y\u00f6ne gidiyor. Alternatif, herkesin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l, mezhep ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeyen ve tamamen kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve demokratik bir temelde Irak devletine entegre olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Burada Suriye i\u00e7in de bir ders var; burada nihai bir bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n da tamamen kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve demokratik olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Irak ve Suriye'deki \u0130slam Devleti militanlar\u0131n\u0131n yenilmesi hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131makla birlikte, tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli de\u011fildir. Baas's\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nlendirilmi\u015f olsa da, sadece bu politika I\u015e\u0130D gibi gruplar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015findeki tek fakt\u00f6r de\u011fildir. \u0130slamc\u0131 militanl\u0131k, Suudi Arabistan ve Katar gibi s\u00f6zde Bat\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcttefikler taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6r\u00fckleniyor; bu \u00fclkeler Orta Do\u011fu'yu parampar\u00e7a eden militanlara milyarlarca dolar ve silah aktard\u0131lar ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ideolojilerini payla\u015fan gruplara da milyarlarca dolar daha aktard\u0131lar. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 din adamlar\u0131, camilerini nefreti vaaz etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131rken, TV kanallar\u0131 ve internet arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla zehirli ideolojilerini d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yay\u0131yorlar. Bunlar durdurulmal\u0131 ve adalete teslim edilmeli ve faaliyetlerine g\u00f6z yuman, hatta onaylayan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler de \u0130slamc\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa son vermek i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 bir \u00e7abaya uyum sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 toplumun \u0130slam Devleti gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctleri durdurmak i\u00e7in yapabilece\u011fi en \u00f6nemli \u015fey, onlara sert bir darbe vurmak ve ard\u0131ndan kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve demokrasi de\u011ferlerine s\u0131k\u0131ca sar\u0131lmak - ve bunu yapmayan s\u00f6zde m\u00fcttefikleri sorumlu tutmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Makale ilk olarak \u015fu adreste yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Huffpost<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Islamic State and Saddam’s Phantom Army Ribal Al-Assad writing for the Huffington Post A decade ago, the occupying force in Iraq dissolved that country’s army, sending hundreds of thousands of fighting men home. Earlier this year, thousands of them tore through northern Iraq under the flag of the Islamic State (IS). It’s time to […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6276"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7919,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6276\/revisions\/7919"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odf-syria.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}